Some of them are on the verge of commercialization.

Recent research has prompted the development of potential emerging technologies of solar cells. Description of different types of monocrystalline, polycrystalline and amorphous solar cells gives an idea of suitability of different cell materials in the wake of long-term use. The I-V characteristics in context with efficiency, power output, fill factor, impact of radiation and effect of temperature gives an insight into its field performance.

Stage wise construction of solar cells and then modules are explained for the commercially available panels in the market. The semiconductor physics of solar cells in light of molecular orbital (MO) theory, energy band gap, electrical conducting properties, crystal structure and p-n junction highlight the inner mechanism of conversion of solar light into electricity.

A historical development in chronological order since its discovery in 1839, is described in six phases from inception to full commercialization today. A photovoltaic (PV) cell or solar cell, is a nonmechanical device that instantly converts sunlight directly into electricity. If you want to convert a document to PDF you need to open the document with an appropriate reader, and print it out on the PDF24 printer.The definition of photovoltaic is derived from the word 'photo' with the Greek meaning light and 'voltaic' meaning voltage. After that, you can save or view the created PDF file with the PDF24 PDF Creator assistant which opens automatically. If you want to create a PDF all you need to do is print something on the PDF printer. The PDF creator software installs a virtual printer with the name 'PDF24', which you can use like any other printer.

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